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The objective of the study was comparison of populations of selected physiological groups of bacteria, and determination of their enzymatic and biochemical activity in soil under a culture of spring barley after the application with effective microorganisms (EM) and without such a treatment. The application of spraying with the EM biopreparation caused an initial decrease in the numbers of most of...
The average concentration of titanium in the alluvial soils of central Vistula was: 0.29% (ranging from 0.05-0.49) and from the Żuławy area 0.42% (ranging from 0.29-0.50), while in the clay fraction of all soils was: 0.43% (ranging from 0.29-0.49), respectively. The investigated soils contain natural amounts of titanium which can be accepted as a geochemical background. The element content correlates...
The aim of the present paper is to test the criteria elaborated in two versions of IUSS WRB (1998 and 2006) on a selection of Polish and German salt-affected soils (SAS). These soils differ morphologically and chemically from typical solonchaks and solonetz of arid regions. The salinity features of natural SAS were described on the second classification level in Histosols and Fluvisols. However, the...
Concentrations of available phosphorus (PE-R), and sulphate sulphur (S-SO₄²⁻) as well as activities of alkaline (AlP) and acid phosphatase (AcP), and arylsulphatase were assayed in a Luvisol fertilized with various doses (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 t·ha⁻¹) of farmyard manure (factor I) and nitrogen in mineral form (0, 45, 90, 135 kg ha⁻¹, factor II). PE-Rand S-SO₄²⁻ concentrations were significantly affected...
The influence of different doses of nitrogen applied in the sewage sludge and mineral fertilizers on the content and uptake of Mo, Fe, B, Mn, Se and Ti by willow (Salix viminalis) was investigated. In the field experiment the willow was cultivated on the objects fertilized with sewage sludge which contained the nitrogen in following doses in kg ha⁻¹: 100, 150 and 200. Also the objects with mineral...
The objective of the study was to compare enzymatic activities of soil microorganisms residing in the rhizosphere of selected plant species valuable for environmental protection, i.e. Sida hermaphrodita Rusby,Helianthus tuberosus, Salix viminalisandSalix americana. The results obtained revealed that the plants used in the experiment had various effects on the activityof the soil enzymes studied. The...
The research concerned transformations of soils in the areas of Early-Medieval strongholds and connected differences in floristic composition between forest communities from strongholds and non-synanthropic habitats. The study focused on two areas where Early-Medieval strongholds were situated – Gronowo and Płutowo (Chełmińska Upland, Northern Poland) – surrounded by various types of soils: rusty...
Extensive studies in the Sudety Mountains showed large local variations in the distribution of trace elements within organic soils. A negative correlation was observed between Zn and Pb concentrations and depths, while a positive correlation was found between the concentrations of some heavy metals, pH and S content. The high concentration of heavy metals in organic soils often was found in surface...
The content of the total calcium was studied in granulometric fractions of the following diameters: <0.002, 0.005-0.002, 0.02-0.005, 0.05-0.02, 0.1-0.05 and 1.0-0.1 mm. It was observed that the amount of Ca accumulated in particular fractions is not correlated with their content in soils. The ratios of Ca content in a given fraction to the content of the granulometric fraction (Ca/Fr) keep gradually...
The aim of the study was to compare the effect of poplar clones Hybrid 275 and Robusta on soil cover, based on their litter fall. In 2000-2002 studies on plant litter fall and leaf decomposition were conducted at two 17-year-old poplar plantations in the Wierzbiczany forest district (Northern Poland). Both clones produced similar amounts of litter fall per tree of about 11 kg/year. Leaves were the...
The study aimed at evaluating the influence of soil contamination with nickel on a background of varied liming on cadmium, molybdenum, and sodium contents in red clover biomass. The four-year pot experiment was carried out using a completely randomized pattern in which the following factors were examined: I – soil contamination with nickel (0, 50, 100, 150 mg Ni kg⁻¹ soil); II – liming (no liming...
The aim of the paper was to assess the role of forest litter and mineral soil layers (0-10 and 10-20 cm) as stocks of plant-available macronutrients intheforested zone of the Karkonosze Mountains National Park, an area of forest decline at the end of 20th century. Soil samples were collected in 529 monitoring sites arranged in a 200x300 m grid. Concentrations of plant-available nutrients were much...
The Mg content in individual granulometric fractions of the soils studied was found to be inversely proportional to the fraction diameter. The >0.02 mm diameter fraction separated from soils originating from loess were between 60 and 130%, richer in magnesium than the same fractions separated from Carpathian soils, at 80% on average. It has been found that the lower the content of a given granulometric...
The application of some of the agents such as the organic substance or silicon compounds may, under certain conditions, control the level of ions of toxic matter in the soil solution. The aim of this work was to explore the influence of the artificial humic acids and sodium silicate present in the soil on the modification of the content of various fractions of aluminium and manganese in the soil samples...
One of the heavy metals immobilizing methods, apart from the conventional methods such as liming and organic fertilization, is the usage of unconventional binding agents. Modified alluminiumsilicates, such as Al-montmorillonite and Polynuclear aluminium form (Al₁₃⁷⁺) offer some promising results. The main goal of this work was to evaluate the influence of the used mineral sorbents: sodium silicate...
The paper presents forest soil characteristics with respect to potential and actual water storage. The study involved three soil types (Haplic Podzol, Rustic Podzol and Rustic Brown) and three forest sites: dry coniferous forest (dry CF), fresh coniferous forest (fresh CF) and mixed deciduous-coniferous forest (mixed DCF). The potential and actual water storage was calculated for individual genetic...
The aim of the study was to examine the physical and water retention properties of the Holocene alluvial and deluvial soils in the morainic, riverine and delta landscapes of north-eastern Poland. In comparison to eroded soils, deluvial soils in a morainic landscape featured lower compaction, higher retention capacity corresponding to field capacity, higher values of potentialuse ful retention (PRU)...
The aim of the present paper was to determine the content of phenolic compounds in the organic and mineral horizons of forest soils under different tree species. The study involved taking samples from the organic and mineral horizons of forest soils located in the area of the Arboretum in Mlynany, in Slovakia. Phenolic compounds were identified with the chromatographic method (HPLC). The results showed...
The pedogenic process of humus accumulation causes stronger and more diverse chemical rather than physical transformations of quartz grain surfaces. Chemical weathering of quartz grain surfaces in the humus horizon results in etching and corrosion over oncrusting and encrusting; an opposite situation is observed in the parent rock and the underlying rocks. Etchings and corrosion pits in the humus...
This study was based in the morainic zone and zone of ice-dammed lake origin of a young-glacial landscape as well as in riverine and delta landscapes, involving the sorptive properties of mucky soils and variously silted peat-muck soils which were termed upper silted organic soils. These soils had a low share of exchangeable potassium and magnesium in relation to the total content of these elements...
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